<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article_metadata generated_at="2026-09-04T19:36:57+00:00">
  <journal>
    <title>Journal of Business and Retail Management Research</title>
    <acronym>JBRMR</acronym>
    <issn_print></issn_print>
    <issn_online>2056-6271</issn_online>
    <doi_prefix>https://doi.org/10.24052/JBRMR/</doi_prefix>
  </journal>
  <article>
    <id>503</id>
    <title>The effect of critical success factors of quality management to excellence in Iraqi Universities</title>
    <abstract>The purpose of this paper to measuring the effect of critical success factors to excellence in Iraqi universities. The empirical data was drawn from the head of departments in six Iraqi universities, the number of respondents was 174. The research model was tested by using the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The findings of the empirical study revealed that critical success factors have a positive effect on excellence. Theoretically, the practices of critical success factors have contributed to understanding the different roles in excellence in Iraqi universities. From another side, this study shows practical implications, where increasing the attention of the factors to help the head of department in Iraqi universities to improve the performance.</abstract>
    <doi></doi>
    <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=503</url>
    <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2019-07-02-20-42-42-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
    <volume>Volume 13</volume>
    <issue>Issue 04</issue>
    <issue_id>38</issue_id>
    <issue_published_month>2019-07-01</issue_published_month>
    <published_date>2019-07-02</published_date>
    <online_first_status>no</online_first_status>
    <online_first_date></online_first_date>
    <history>
      <received></received>
      <revised></revised>
      <accepted></accepted>
    </history>
    <keywords>
      <keyword>Critical Success Factors (CSFs)</keyword>
      <keyword>Iraqi Universities</keyword>
      <keyword>Excellence.</keyword>
    </keywords>
    <declarations>
      <funding></funding>
      <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
      <data_availability></data_availability>
      <author_contributions></author_contributions>
    </declarations>
    <publication_notice>
      <type>none</type>
      <text></text>
    </publication_notice>
    <metrics>
      <views>562972</views>
      <downloads>110</downloads>
      <citations>2</citations>
    </metrics>
    <authors>
      <author>
        <name>Ahmed Hani Mohammed</name>
        <organization>Administration and Economic College, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
      <author>
        <name>Che Azlan Taib</name>
        <organization>School of Technology Management and Logistics, Universiti Utara Malaysia</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
    </authors>
    <supplementary_materials/>
  </article>
</article_metadata>
